Saudi find shows horses used 9,000 years ago

Saudi Arabia has found traces of a civilisation that was domesticating horses about 9,000 years ago, 4,000 years earlier than previously thought, the kingdom has said.

“This discovery shows that horses were domesticated in the Arabian Peninsula for the first time more than 9,000 years ago, whereas previous studies estim-ated the domestication of horses in Central Asia dating back 5,000 years, Ali al-Ghabban, vice-chairman of the Department of Museums and Antiquities, said at a news conference.

The remains of the civilisation were found close to Abha, in southwestern Asir province, an area known to antiquity as Arabia Felix.

Asir is named after the confederation of clans of the same name. The governor of the province is Faisal bin Khalid, a son of the late king of Saudi Arabia, Khalid bin Abdul-Aziz.

At the rise of the First Saudi State in the 18th century, the town of Asir was governed by local clans while the large tribal confeder-ations maintained a high degree of autonomy. With the withdrawal of the Egyptians in 1840, the dynasty of Al Ayedh, also of Mughayd, took control of the Asir highlands.

The civilisation, given the name al-Maqari, used “methods of embalming that are totally different to known processes”, Dr Ghabban said.

Among the remains found at the site are statues of animals such as goats, dogs, hawks, and a metre-tall bust of a horse, Dr Ghabban said. “A statue of an animal of this dimension, dating back to that time, has never been found anywhere in the world,” he remarked.

He added that archaeologists had also found arrowheads, stone tools, weaving tools and mortars for pounding grain, reflecting the development of that civilisation.

The remains were found in a valley that was once a riverbed, at a time when the now-arid Arabian Peninsula was more humid and fertile, the official said.

An international team of archaeologists published an article in January that suggested human beings could have been present on the Arabian Peninsula about 125,000 years ago.