The conflict in Ukraine has sent fuel prices soaring in Europe, hitting people's pocketbooks, prompting some to walk more and forcing taxis to change their routines.
With prices rising above €2 ($2.2) per litre at the pump, Paris taxi driver Aziz Brahmi said he now avoids driving around to look for passengers.
"The only thing I can do is to limit driving in an empty car," said Brahmi, 38, who usually travels around 200 kilometres (125 miles) per day.
"We wait for clients to come to us and we no longer look for them," he said near Paris's ring road.
London cabbies have adopted the same strategy.
"Prices have impacted me since I need to make more stops in order to cover the costs," said Gary Bollister, who has driven the iconic black cabs for 22 years.
"I have to pay the bills so I need to work harder. On top of all that there are a lot of roadworks going on in the city making driving times even longer, which means I use more fuel," he said.
US, UK ban Russian oil
Crude prices were already hitting multi-year highs prior to Moscow's invasion of Ukraine but the conflict has sent them soaring as Russia is a major producer.
The price of Brent, the main international benchmark, surged past $130 on Tuesday as President Joe Biden announced a ban on US imports of Russian oil and gas, while Britain plans to phase out crude by the end of this year.
Germany and other European Union nations that are highly dependent on Russian energy imports have balked at the idea.
Russian Deputy Prime Minister Alexander Novak warned Monday that oil prices could exceed $300 per barrel if an oil ban were imposed.
Current prices are already hurting the bottom lines of individuals and businesses.
Colin, a 55-year-old courier in the British capital who declined to give his last name, said he spent £20 ($26, 24 euros) per day to fill up his car, almost double the usual cost.
"I'd rather walk than keep losing money," he said as the price of diesel at his local service station rose to £1.61 per litre.
Swedish drivers face the highest prices in Europe, with diesel there exceeding 25 kronor (2.31 euros) per litre at many stations.
The average price of petrol in Germany is around 1.83 euros per litre.
No holiday
Abdellatif Helaoui, a 28-year-old paramedic in the Paris region, drives 25 kilometres per day to work.
"It's a €200 monthly expenditure. We'll have to deprive ourselves of something else, maybe vacations," he said.
At a service station in Frankfurt, Alexandra Koch said she was ready to make the financial sacrifice to help reduce Germany's reliance on Russian energy.
"If these prices are the contribution I can make to make us independent from Russia, I'm ready to do it," said the 37-year-old woman as she filled up her SUV's tank.
Marco Senfter, a 39-year-old bartender, has left his Audi in his garage and uses public transport instead.
"An additional €30 per full tank hurts," he said.
Marius Scheidemann, a 23-year-old landscaper, needs his car for some errands.
His solution: drive at no more than 100 kilometres per hour on the highway to consume less fuel.