Cultural Routes: pathways of intercultural dialogue in Europe, the Mediterranean

As part of its presidency of the Council of Europe, Malta recently hosted an international seminar highlighting its growing role in the Cultural Routes, a programme that connects heritage, tourism and cultural cooperation across the continent. Held in Birgu on October 29-30, the event was organised by the Ministry for Culture, Lands and Local Government with the support of the Executive Secretary and Secretariat of the Enlarged Partial Agreement on Cultural Routes of the Council of Europe. It brought together local stakeholders and international partners to explore how Malta’s rich history can further participate in contributing to Europe’s shared cultural narrative.

The Cultural Routes programme, launched by the Council of Europe in 1987, promotes travel itineraries that link places of historical and cultural significance. These routes celebrate themes that transcend borders, from ancient civilisations and pilgrimage paths to wine traditions and literary heritage. For Malta, a crossroads of Mediterranean history, the initiative offers a unique opportunity to showcase its archaeological treasures, maritime legacy and vibrant traditions within a European framework.

The seminar opened with a cultural tour, including visits to the National Viticulture and Oenology Centre and the iconic Ħaġar Qim and Mnajdra temples. These sites illustrate Malta’s deep-rooted connection to both agriculture and prehistoric culture, themes that resonate strongly with several certified routes, such as Iter Vitis and the European Route of Megalithic Culture.

Discussions at Fort St Angelo focused on the added value of Cultural Routes for Malta. Experts explained how the programme operates, its quality criteria and the benefits of international cooperation. Presentations showcased routes linked to Malta, including the Phoenicians’ Route, the Via Francigena and the European Route of Historic Gardens. Each route offers opportunities for cultural tourism, education and sustainable development, while strengthening ties between Maltese communities and their European counterparts.

Local stakeholders, from Heritage Malta to the Local Councils Association, shared their experiences and aspirations. Their message was clear: Malta is ready to deepen its engagement with Cultural Routes, not only to attract visitors but also to foster cultural exchange and community pride. Networking sessions encouraged collaboration between Maltese institutions and route managers, paving the way for joint projects and innovative initiatives.

The keynote speech was delivered by Dr Karsten Xuereb, recently appointed as coordinator of the scientific committee of the Phoenicians’ Route, represented by Dr Antonio Barone, the route’s director. Dr Xuereb spoke about how the routes allow Maltese and European heritage to be interpreted forward, rather than nostalgically and anectodally. He argued that such a perspective may be applied the roles of Malta, Europe and the Mediterranean in addressing current, albeit long-standing tensions and conflicts as the one we are experiencing in Palestine and the Ukraine, examples of two territories whose challenges are closest to our idea of what Europe should be doing.

By hosting this seminar, Malta affirmed its commitment to cultural diplomacy and sustainable tourism. As Europe seeks to strengthen connections through shared heritage, Malta stands out as a small island with a big story, ready to welcome travellers who want to experience history, culture and community along the routes that unite Europe.

Karsten Xuereb is coordinator of the scientific committee of the Phoenicians’ Route and president of CircE, newly affiliated to the route.