The top Republican in Congress has broken weeks of election silence and sent a sober message to a defiant President Donald Trump: it's over.

For more than a month Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell had refused to recognize Biden, his former longtime Senate colleague, as the winner of the November 3 contest, arguing that the process would take time to play out.

But as Trump's unprecedented bid to overturn the results crashed and burned, and with electors on Monday confirming Biden's victory 306 to 232, McConnell became the most powerful member of the Republican Party to publicly acknowledge Biden's victory.

"The Electoral College has spoken. So today I want to congratulate President-elect Joe Biden," McConnell said on the Senate floor.

"Many of us hoped that the presidential election would yield a different result, but our system of government has processes to determine who will be sworn in on January 20," he added.

"I also want to congratulate the vice president-elect, our colleague from California, Senator (Kamala) Harris," he said, noting that "all Americans can take pride" that they will have a female VP for the first time.

While some Republican lawmakers signaled they would not give up the fight, others like retiring Senator Lamar Alexander directly urged Trump to "put the country first" and help Biden as he transitions to the White House.

Joining the chorus, Russian President Vladimir Putin on Tuesday congratulated Biden on his victory and said he was "ready for collaboration" on issues like global security.

Biden, 78, is expected to take a tougher stand against Russia than Trump, whom the Democrat slammed during the campaign for having "embraced so many autocrats around the world, starting with Vladimir Putin."

Biden is riding high after members of the Electoral College gathered in all 50 states and the capital Washington to put the official stamp on the will of the people. 

The vote offered no surprises -- and in more traditional times the rather arcane Electoral College process would be just a formality in the normal transfer of power.

But Trump, in unprecedented fashion, has yet to acknowledge his own defeat in the chaotic election that will see him exit the White House after a single four-year term.

In welcoming the vote, Biden delivered a speech saying US democracy proved "resilient" against Trump's "abuse of power."

"It's time to turn the page," Biden told the bitterly divided country.

He also issued his first extended attack on Trump since the election, saying the president and his allies "refused to respect the will of the people, refused to respect the rule of law, and refused to honor our constitution."

Biden praised voters for casting ballots in record numbers on November 3 despite fears of Covid-19 and "enormous political pressure, verbal abuse and even threats of physical violence" against those running the election. 

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