The European Commission will try to head off new bitter splits between EU member states over immigration reform, with a plan unveiled Monday to speed the relocation of refugees.
The bloc has struggled for years to agree on how to share out arriving migrants and asylum-seekers, and now faces a spat between France and Italy over a rescue ship.
On Friday, EU interior ministers will hold crisis talks to head off the dispute, and on Monday the EU executive unveiled a 20-point plan it wants them to back.
The plan seeks to give new impetus to an agreement to relocate 8,000 arrivals per year around Europe, and improve coordination with migrants' home countries to speed returns of those refused asylum.
It also aims at strengthening the capacities of Tunisia, Egypt and Libya to ensure better border management and management of migration.
EU commissioner for home affairs Ylva Johansson said the plan would seek to accelerate the implementation of an existing plan agreed by EU members in June.
Under that agreement, member states were to take in 8,000 would-be refugees rescued on beaches or in the sea off southern member states on the Mediterranean.
But the dispute between France and Italy has already threatened the agreement, itself a stop-gap to take the edge of the crisis while member states argue about deeper reform.
"Today the focus is on the central Med, where the latest events confirm that this situation is not sustainable," Johansson warned, referring to the seas between Libya and Italy.
The commissioner said that this dangerous sea route had seen a record 90,000 irregular crossings this year, half as many again as in 2021, most of them brought illegally by smuggling networks.
Italy's interior minister, Matteo Piantedosi, gave the EU plan a cautious welcome, noting the importance of reviving the June plan to share out immigrants.
"Its concrete application, up to now, has given absolutely insufficient results for Italy," he said.
France has suspended an offer to welcome 3,500 migrants under the plan, after Rome refused to allow the Ocean Viking, a Norwegian-flagged NGO rescue ship, to land in Italy.