Up to 200 people were burnt to death yesterday when an oil pipeline exploded on the outskirts of Lagos after thieves tapped into it to steal fuel.

The huge blast left about 100 blackened, unrecognisable corpses strewn across a beach where young men were siphoning fuel into jerry cans for sale on the black market.

The explosion burnt everything within a 20-metre radius.

Only grey skulls and bones, incinerated to near powder, remained of the five people closest to the pipeline, which had been dug out of the sand and bore marks of drilling.

Burned corpses were strewn on the water's edge a few metres away, where the golden sand was still steaming hot yesterday afternoon.

Other bodies, charred and bloated, floated in the waters of the creek, about a mile from Lagos city centre by boat.

"You can see the corpses. Some are burnt to ash. Others are remnants... We estimate 150 to 200 people died," Lagos State Police Commissioner Emmanuel Adebayo said at the scene.

Theft of petrol and crude oil from pipelines is common in Nigeria, Africa's top oil producer where the vast majority of people live in poverty.

"This is caused by hunger and greed. If you've got no job and you're hungry you take advantage of anything to feed your family. Anyone who takes this kind of risk is desperate," said Olanrewaju Saka-Shenayon, a Lagos State government official.

The pipeline, which belongs to state-run Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation, runs just under the surface of Inagbe Beach, a stretch of sand on one of many islands that dot the Atlantic coast around Lagos.

It carries petrol from a large tanker jetty to a distribution depot inland.

Local government workers wearing rubber gloves hauled rigid corpses out of the water and used a makeshift stretcher to carry them up the beach to a shallow mass grave a short distance away.

About a dozen police and a few Red Cross officials were at the scene.

Inagbe Beach is not a populated area but hundreds of mostly young men apparently came there to tap into the pipeline at dead of night.

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