A defiant rejection of his massive social spending bill by a single US senator and a surge in COVID cases are imperilling Democrat Joe Biden just a year into his presidency.

Returning to the White House from a weekend at his family home in Delaware, the 79-year-old president, wearing a black face mask, headed straight from his Marine One helicopter to the Oval Office on Monday without a word or a glance at a scrum of waiting reporters.

He had no public events listed on his schedule for the day.

The president has not personally responded to the potentially fatal blow dealt this weekend by Senator Joe Manchin, a fellow Democrat, to his $1.75 trillion "Build Back Better" plan designed to equip the United States to face 21st century challenges such as climate change and Chinese competition.

Democratic Senate Majority Leader Chuck Schumer sought to rally his demoralized troops, pledging to bring the bill - the centrepiece of Biden's domestic agenda - to the Senate floor.

"We are going to vote on a revised version of the House-passed Build Back Better Act - and we will keep voting on it until we get something done," Schumer said.

How they could do so without the crucial vote of the Democratic senator from West Virginia in an evenly divided Senate is not clear. 

Manchin announced on Sunday on Fox News, former Republican president Donald Trump's favourite TV network, that he was a "no" on the bill that proposes sweeping reforms to health care, immigration, climate and education.

Republican senators who backed the president's infrastructure bill have also made it clear that they will not line up behind Build Back Better, which they claim would push the United States down a path to "socialism."

While Biden remained silent, White House Press Secretary Jen Psaki issued a blistering statement blasting Manchin's "breach of his commitments to the president" and the "sudden and inexplicable reversal in his position."

With his popularity ratings already mired in the low 40s, Biden's political capital is at a low ebb less than a year ahead of mid-term elections that could well see Democrats lose control of both chambers of Congress.

As a former veteran senator who considers himself a master of the legislative game, Biden personally invested in trying to get Manchin on board, to the chagrin of some members of the progressive wing of the Democratic Party.

"It's really about time that we take the kid gloves off and we start using them to govern for working families in this country," Representative Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez, one of the leading figures in the left-wing of the party, said on MSNBC.

Omicron

As powerless as Biden appeared to be in facing down a senator who represents a tiny state of just 1.7 million people, he has appeared equally helpless against the new wave of COVID cases in a country that has already seen more than 800,000 deaths from the disease.

Top US pandemic advisor Anthony Fauci warned on Sunday of a bleak winter ahead as the Omicron coronavirus variant spurs a new wave of infections globally.

"With Omicron," Fauci told NBC News, "it is going to be a tough few weeks to months as we get deeper into the winter."

While a little more than 70 per cent of the US population has had at least one shot, according to the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, another 50 million eligible people remain unprotected, Fauci said.

Hospitals are getting busy, testing centres are seeing long lines and sports and entertainment events are being cancelled in what adds up to a disaster for Biden, who was elected on promises to defeat the virus and protect Americans after the mixed messages of Donald Trump.

But getting the virus under control has proved difficult in a country where vaccination and mask-wearing have become divisive political issues, and federal mandates end up in protracted legal battles.

Biden has attempted to impose vaccine mandates on private businesses and federal employees but has resorted in recent weeks to little more than publicly beseeching people to get their shots.

He is to make a speech on COVID on Tuesday.

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